Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'aho amashanyarazi anyura n'aho amashanyarazi anyura muri switch?

Mu isi y’itumanaho, switch zigira uruhare runini mu guhuza ibikoresho no gucunga urujya n’uruza rw’amakuru. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, ubwoko bw’ibyambu biboneka kuri switch bwagiye butandukanye, aho fibre optique n’ibyambu by’amashanyarazi ari byo bikunze kugaragara cyane. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’ubwo bwoko bubiri bw’ibyambu ni ingenzi ku bahanga mu by’ikoranabuhanga mu gushushanya no gushyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa remezo by’itumanaho neza.

Imyaro y'amashanyarazi
Imbuga z'amashanyarazi ku mashanyarazi akoresha imigozi y'umuringa, nk'insinga zigonganye (urugero: Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a). Izimbuga zagenewe kohereza amakuru hakoreshejwe ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi. Imbuga z'amashanyarazi zikunze gukoreshwa cyane ni RJ-45 connector, ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro ya Ethernet.

Kimwe mu byiza by'ingenzi by'ibyambu by'amashanyarazi ni uko bihendutse. Insinga z'umuringa muri rusange zirahendutse kurusha fibre, bigatuma ziba amahitamo akunzwe ku miyoboro mito n'iciriritse. Byongeye kandi, ibyambu by'amashanyarazi biroroshye gushyiraho no kubungabunga kuko bidasaba ubumenyi bwihariye cyangwa ibikoresho kugira ngo bisohoke.

Ariko, ibyambu by'amashanyarazi bifite imbogamizi mu bijyanye n'intera yo kohereza amakuru n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Insinga z'umuringa ubusanzwe zigira intera ntarengwa yo kohereza amakuru igera kuri metero 100, nyuma y'aho ikimenyetso cyangiritse. Byongeye kandi, ibyambu by'amashanyarazi bishobora kwibasirwa cyane n'ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi (EMI), bishobora kugira ingaruka ku busugire bw'amakuru n'imikorere y'umuyoboro.

Icyambu cy'urumuri
Ku rundi ruhande, imiyoboro ya fibre optique ikoresha insinga za fibre optique mu kohereza amakuru mu buryo bw'ibimenyetso by'urumuri. Izi miyoboro zagenewe kohereza amakuru yihuta cyane mu ntera ndende, bigatuma ziba nziza ku miyoboro minini y'ibigo, ibigo bikuru by'amakuru, n'ibikorwa by'itumanaho. Imiyoboro ya fibre optique iza mu buryo butandukanye, harimo SFP (Small Form Factor Pluggable), SFP+, na QSFP (Quad Small Form Factor Pluggable), buri imwe ishyigikira igipimo gitandukanye cy'amakuru n'intera yo kohereza amakuru.

Akamaro k'ibanze k'imiyoboro ya fiber optique ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo kohereza amakuru mu ntera ndende (kugeza kuri kilometero nyinshi) nta kimenyetso kinini cyatakaye. Ibi bituma iba nziza cyane mu guhuza ahantu hatandukanye cyangwa mu gukoresha uburyo bwa bandwidth nini nko kureba amashusho no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya internet mu bicu. Byongeye kandi, insinga za fiber optique ntizishobora kwangizwa n'ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi (EMI), bigatuma habaho ihuriro rihamye kandi ryizewe.

Ariko, ibyambu bya fiber optique nabyo bifite imbogamizi zabyo. Igiciro cya mbere cy'insinga za fiber optique n'ibikoresho bijyana nabyo gishobora kuba kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije n'ibisubizo by'insinga z'umuringa. Byongeye kandi, gushyiraho no guhagarika insinga za fiber optique bisaba ubuhanga n'ibikoresho byihariye, ibyo bikaba byongera igihe cyo kuzikoresha n'ikiguzi cyo kuzikoresha.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi

Uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru: Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukoresha insinga z'umuringa, naho umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukoresha insinga za fiber optique.
Intera: Imbuga z'amashanyarazi zigarukira kuri metero 100, mu gihe imbuga z'amashanyarazi zishobora kohereza amakuru mu birometero byinshi.
Ubugari bw'amakuru: Ibikoresho bya fibre optique bikunze gushyigikira ubugari bw'amakuru buri hejuru kurusha ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, bigatuma biba byiza gukoreshwa mu buryo bukenerwa cyane.
Ikiguzi: Imbuga z'amashanyarazi muri rusange zihendutse cyane iyo zikora intera ngufi, mu gihe imbuga z'amashanyarazi zishobora kugabanyirizwa ikiguzi kinini mbere ariko zishobora gutanga inyungu z'igihe kirekire ku miyoboro minini.
Intera: Inzira z'amashanyarazi ntizibangamirwa n'ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi, mu gihe inzira z'amashanyarazi zibangamirwa na EMI.

mu gusoza
Muri make, guhitamo hagati y’imiyoboro ya fibre n’amashanyarazi kuri switch biterwa n’ibintu bitandukanye, harimo ibisabwa byihariye by’umuyoboro, ingengo y’imari ihagije, n’imikorere wifuza. Ku miyoboro mito ifite intera nto, imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ishobora kuba ihagije. Ariko, ku miyoboro minini kandi ifite imikorere myiza isaba guhuza intera ndende, imiyoboro ya fibre ni yo mahitamo meza. Gusobanukirwa aya tandukaniro ni ingenzi mu gufata ibyemezo bifatika mu gushushanya no gushyira mu bikorwa umuyoboro.