Mwisi yisi, abahindura bafite uruhare runini muguhuza ibikoresho no gucunga amakuru yimodoka. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera, ubwoko bwibyambu biboneka kuri sisitemu byagiye bitandukana, hamwe na fibre optique hamwe nibyuma byamashanyarazi nibisanzwe. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwibyambu ningirakamaro kubashinzwe imiyoboro hamwe nabakozi ba IT mugihe bategura kandi bagashyira mubikorwa ibikorwa remezo bikora neza.
Ibyambu by'amashanyarazi
Ibyambu by'amashanyarazi kuri sisitemu bisanzwe bikoresha kabili y'umuringa, nk'insinga zigoramye (urugero, Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a). Ibyo byambu byagenewe kohereza amakuru ukoresheje ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi. Icyambu cy'amashanyarazi gikunze kugaragara cyane ni RJ-45 ihuza, ikoreshwa cyane mumiyoboro ya Ethernet.
Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi byicyambu cyamashanyarazi nigiciro cyabyo. Intsinga z'umuringa muri rusange zihenze kuruta fibre, bigatuma ihitamo gukundwa kumiyoboro mito n'iciriritse. Byongeye kandi, ibyambu byamashanyarazi byoroshye gushiraho no kubungabunga kuko bidasaba ubuhanga bwihariye cyangwa ibikoresho byo kurangiza.
Nyamara, ibyambu byamashanyarazi bifite aho bigarukira mubijyanye nintera yohereza no kwaguka. Intsinga z'umuringa mubusanzwe zifite intera ntarengwa ya metero 100, nyuma yibimenyetso byerekana. Byongeye kandi, ibyambu byamashanyarazi birashoboka cyane kubangamira amashanyarazi (EMI), bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yamakuru no mumikorere y'urusobe.
Icyambu cyiza
Ku rundi ruhande, ibyambu bya fibre optique, koresha insinga za fibre optique kugirango wohereze amakuru muburyo bwibimenyetso byurumuri. Ibyo byambu byabugenewe byohereza amakuru yihuse mu ntera ndende, bigatuma biba byiza ku miyoboro minini y’imishinga, ibigo by’amakuru, hamwe n’itumanaho rya porogaramu. Ibyambu bya fibre optique biza muburyo butandukanye, harimo SFP (Ifishi ntoya ifatika), SFP +, na QSFP (Quad Small Form Factor Pluggable), buri kimwe gishyigikira ibipimo bitandukanye byamakuru hamwe nintera yoherejwe.
Inyungu yibanze yibikoresho bya fibre optique nubushobozi bwabo bwo kohereza amakuru mumwanya muremure (kugera kuri kilometero nyinshi) hamwe no gutakaza ibimenyetso bike. Ibi bituma biba byiza guhuza ahantu hitaruye cyangwa kumurongo mugari wa porogaramu nka videwo yerekana amashusho hamwe na comptabilite. Byongeye kandi, insinga za fibre optique zidafite ubudahangarwa bwa electronique (EMI), zitanga umurongo uhamye kandi wizewe.
Nyamara, ibyambu bya fibre optique nabyo byerekana ibibazo byabo bwite. Igiciro cyambere cyinsinga za fibre optique hamwe nibikoresho bifitanye isano birashobora kuba hejuru cyane kuruta ibisubizo byumuringa. Byongeye kandi, gushiraho no guhagarika insinga za fibre optique bisaba ubuhanga nibikoresho byihariye, byongera igihe cyo kohereza nigiciro.
Itandukaniro nyamukuru
Uburyo bwo kohereza: Icyambu cyamashanyarazi gikoresha umugozi wumuringa, naho icyambu cya optique gikoresha fibre optique.
Intera: Ibyambu by'amashanyarazi bigarukira kuri metero 100, mugihe ibyambu bya optique bishobora kohereza amakuru kuri kilometero nyinshi.
Umuyoboro mugari: Fibre optique isanzwe ishyigikira umurongo mwinshi kuruta ibyambu byamashanyarazi, bigatuma bikenerwa cyane nibisabwa.
Igiciro: Ibyambu byamashanyarazi mubisanzwe birahenze cyane mugihe gito, mugihe ibyambu bya optique bishobora gutwara igiciro cyambere ariko birashobora gutanga inyungu ndende kumurongo munini.
Kwivanga: Ibyambu byiza ntibiterwa no guhuza amashanyarazi, mugihe ibyambu byamashanyarazi bigira ingaruka kuri EMI.
mu gusoza
Muri make, guhitamo hagati ya fibre nicyuma cyamashanyarazi kuri switch biterwa nibintu bitandukanye, harimo ibisabwa byihariye byurusobe, imbogamizi zingengo yimari, nibikorwa byifuzwa. Kumiyoboro mito ifite intera nto, ibyambu byamashanyarazi birashobora kuba bihagije. Nyamara, kubinini binini, bikora cyane bisaba guhuza intera ndende, ibyambu bya fibre nibyo byiza. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ningirakamaro mugufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugushushanya no kubishyira mubikorwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-25-2025