Iyo bigeze kubikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande mugukoresha fibre fibre, dukunze kubona amagambo yicyongereza nka ONU, ONT, SFU, na HGU. Aya magambo asobanura iki? Ni irihe tandukaniro?
1. ONU na ONT
Ubwoko bwibanze bwa porogaramu ya Broadband optique ya fibre igera harimo: FTTH, FTTO, na FTTB, nuburyo bwibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande biratandukanye muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba. Ibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande rwa FTTH na FTTO bikoreshwa numukoresha umwe, witwaONT.ONU(Igice cya Optical Network Unit, umurongo wa optique).
Umukoresha uvugwa hano yerekeza kumukoresha wishyuzwa wenyine na nyirubwite, ntabwo umubare wamagambo yakoreshejwe. Kurugero, ONT ya FTTH isanzwe isangirwa na terefone nyinshi murugo, ariko umukoresha umwe gusa arashobora kubarwa.
2. Ubwoko bwa ONT
ONT nibyo dukunze kwita modem optique, igabanijwemo SFU (Igice cyumuryango umwe, umuryango umwe ukoresha umuryango), HGU (Urugo rwumuryango, urugi rwumuryango) hamwe na SBU (Ishami rimwe ryubucuruzi, ishami ryumukoresha umwe).
2.1. SFU
Muri rusange SFU ifite interineti ya 1 kugeza kuri 4 ya Ethernet, 1 kugeza kuri 2 ya terefone ihamye, kandi moderi zimwe na zimwe zifite interineti ya televiziyo. SFU ntabwo ifite imikorere yinzu yo murugo, kandi itumanaho ryonyine rihuza icyambu cya Ethernet rishobora guhamagara kugirango ugere kuri enterineti, kandi imikorere ya kure irakomeye. Modem optique ikoreshwa mugice cyambere cya FTTH ni iya SFU, ikoreshwa gake ubu.
2.2. HGUs
Modem optique ifite ibikoresho bya FTTH yafunguwe mumyaka yashize byoseHGU. Ugereranije na SFU, HGU ifite ibyiza bikurikira:
(1) HGU ni igikoresho cyo mu marembo, cyorohereza imiyoboro yo murugo; mugihe SFU nigikoresho cyohereza mucyo, kidafite ubushobozi bwamarembo, kandi mubisanzwe bisaba ubufatanye bwibikoresho byo mumarembo nka router yo murugo murugo.
(2) HGU ishyigikira inzira yo kuyobora kandi ifite imikorere ya NAT, nigikoresho cya layer-3; mugihe ubwoko bwa SFU bushigikira gusa uburyo bwo guhuza ibiraro-2, bingana na switch-2.
. mugihe SFU igomba guhamagarwa na mudasobwa yumukoresha cyangwa terefone igendanwa cyangwa ikoresheje inzira yo murugo.
(4) HGU yoroshye kubikorwa binini no gucunga neza.
Ubusanzwe HGU izanaWiFi kandi ifite icyambu cya USB.
2.3. SBUs
SBU ikoreshwa cyane cyane kubakoresha FTTO, kandi muri rusange ifite interineti ya Ethernet, kandi moderi zimwe zifite interineti ya E1, umurongo wa interineti, cyangwa imikorere ya wifi. Ugereranije na SFU na HGU, SBU ifite imikorere myiza yo gukingira amashanyarazi no guhagarara neza, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo hanze nko kureba amashusho.
3. ONUType
ONU igabanijwemoMDU.
MDU ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugushikira abakoresha benshi batuye munsi yubwoko bwa porogaramu ya FTTB, kandi muri rusange ifite byibuze intera 4 zabakoresha kuruhande, mubisanzwe hamwe na 8, 16, 24 FE cyangwa FE + POTS (terefone ihamye).
MTU ikoreshwa cyane cyane muburyo bwo kugera kubakoresha imishinga myinshi cyangwa ama terminal menshi muruganda rumwe murwego rwa FTTB. Usibye interineti ya Ethernet hamwe na terefone ihamye, irashobora kandi kuba ifite E1; imiterere n'imikorere ya MTU mubusanzwe ntabwo bisa nkibya MDU. Itandukaniro, ariko imikorere yo gukingira amashanyarazi nibyiza kandi ituze iri hejuru. Hamwe no kumenyekanisha FTTO, ibintu byo gusaba bya MTU bigenda biba bito kandi bito.
4. Incamake
Broadband optique fibre igera cyane cyane ikoresha tekinoroji ya PON. Iyo uburyo bwihariye bwibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande bidatandukanijwe, ibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande rwa sisitemu ya PON birashobora kwerekanwa hamwe nka ONU.
ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU… ibi ibikoresho byose bisobanura ibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande rwumugozi mugari uturutse muburyo butandukanye, kandi isano iri hagati yabo irerekanwa mumashusho hepfo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-21-2023