1. Incamake
Wireless AP (Wireless Access Point.Wireless AP niho igera kubikoresho bidafite umugozi (nka mudasobwa zigendanwa, terefone igendanwa, nibindi) kugirango winjire mumurongo winsinga.Ikoreshwa cyane mumazu mugari, inyubako na parike, kandi irashobora gukora metero icumi kugeza kuri metero magana.
Wireless AP nizina rifite ibisobanuro byinshi.Ntabwo ikubiyemo gusa uburyo bworoshye bwo kugera kuri enterineti (Wireless APs), ariko kandi ni ijambo rusange kubayobora bidafite umugozi (harimo amarembo adafite insinga, ibiraro bidafite umugozi) nibindi bikoresho.
Wireless AP ni porogaramu isanzwe ya rezo ya rezo yaho.Wireless AP ni ikiraro gihuza umuyoboro utagira umurongo hamwe numuyoboro winsinga, kandi nigikoresho cyibanze cyo gushiraho umuyoboro w’akarere utagira umugozi (WLAN).Itanga imikorere yo kugera hagati yibikoresho bidafite umugozi na LANs.Hifashishijwe APs idafite umugozi, ibikoresho bidafite umugozi mubimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bya APs birashobora kuvugana.Hatariho APs idafite umugozi, mubyukuri ntibishoboka kubaka WLAN nyayo ishobora kugera kuri enterineti..Umugozi udafite umugozi muri WLAN uhwanye nuruhare rwikwirakwizwa rya sitasiyo ya terefone igendanwa.
Ugereranije numuyoboro wubatswe wubatswe, AP idafite umugozi murusobe rwumuyoboro uhwanye na hub mumurongo winsinga.Irashobora guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye bidafite umugozi.Ikarita y'urusobe ikoreshwa nigikoresho kitagira umugozi ni ikarita y'urusobe rudafite umugozi, kandi uburyo bwo kohereza ni umwuka (electromagnetic wave).Wireless AP ni ingingo nkuru yikintu kitagira umugozi, kandi ibimenyetso byose bidafite umugozi mubice bigomba kunyuramo kugirango bihanahana.
2. Imikorere
2.1 Huza umugozi utagikoreshwa
Igikorwa gikunze kugaragara cyane kuri AP ni uguhuza umuyoboro utagira umurongo hamwe numuyoboro winsinga, kandi ugatanga imikorere yo guhuza hagati yicyuma kitagira umugozi numuyoboro winsinga.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2.1-1.
Wireless AP ihuza umuyoboro winsinga nibikoresho bidafite umugozi
2.2 WDS
WDS (Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza Wireless), ni ukuvuga sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza hotspot idafite umugozi, ni umurimo wihariye muri simsiz AP na router idafite umugozi.Nibikorwa bifatika cyane kugirango tumenye itumanaho hagati yibikoresho bibiri bidafite umugozi.Kurugero, hari abaturanyi batatu, kandi buri rugo rufite router idafite umugozi cyangwa AP idafite umugozi ushyigikira WDS, kugirango ibimenyetso simusiga bishobora gutwikirwa ningo eshatu icyarimwe, bigatuma itumanaho ryoroha.Ariko, twakagombye kumenya ko ibikoresho bya WDS bishyigikiwe na router ya simsiz bigarukira (Mubisanzwe ibikoresho 4-8 birashobora gushyigikirwa), kandi ibikoresho bya WDS byibirango bitandukanye nabyo birashobora kunanirwa guhuza.
2.3 Imikorere ya AP idafite umugozi
2.3.1
Igikorwa cyingenzi cya simsiz AP ni relay.Ibyo bita relay ni ukongera ibimenyetso bidafite umugozi rimwe hagati yingingo ebyiri zidafite umugozi, kugirango igikoresho kitagira umugozi gishobora kwakira ibimenyetso simusiga bikomeye.Kurugero, AP ishyirwa kumwanya a, kandi hariho igikoresho kitagira umugozi kuri c.Hariho intera ya metero 120 hagati yingingo a na point c.Ihererekanyabubasha rya simsiz kuva kumurongo kugeza kumurongo c ryacitse intege cyane, kuburyo rishobora kuba metero 60.Shyira AP idafite umugozi nka relay kuri point b, kugirango ibimenyetso bidafite umugozi kuri c bishobora kuzamurwa neza, bityo bigatuma umuvuduko wogukwirakwiza no guhagarara kwicyuma kitagira umugozi.
2.3.2
Igikorwa cyingenzi cya simsiz AP ni ikiraro.Kurambika ni uguhuza ibyuma bibiri bidafite aho bihurira kugirango umenye amakuru yoherejwe hagati ya AP ebyiri zidafite umugozi.Mubihe bimwe, niba ushaka guhuza LAN ebyiri zifite insinga, urashobora guhitamo kurenga ukoresheje AP idafite umugozi.Kurugero, aho bigeze hari LAN ifite insinga igizwe na mudasobwa 15, naho kuri b hari LAN insinga igizwe na mudasobwa 25, ariko intera iri hagati y amanota ab na ab ni kure cyane, irenga metero 100, ntabwo rero bikwiranye no guhuza umugozi.Muri iki gihe, urashobora gushiraho AP idafite umugozi kuri point a na point b, hanyuma ugafungura imikorere yikiraro cya simsiz AP, kugirango LANs kumwanya ab na ab zishobora kohereza amakuru kuri mugenzi we.
2.3.3 Uburyo bwa shebuja-imbata
Ikindi gikorwa cya simsiz AP ni "umutware-umugaragu".Umuyoboro udafite AP ukora muri ubu buryo uzafatwa nkumukiriya udafite umugozi (nkikarita yumurongo utagira umurongo cyangwa module idafite umugozi) na master simsiz AP cyangwa router idafite umugozi.Nibyiza kubuyobozi bwurusobe gucunga sub-rezo no kumenya guhuza-kugwiza (umurongo utagira umurongo cyangwa imiyoboro nyamukuru ya AP ni ingingo imwe, kandi umukiriya wa simsiz AP ni ingingo nyinshi).Imikorere ya "shobuja-umugaragu" ikoreshwa kenshi muburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro ya LAN idafite insinga na LAN.Kurugero, point a ni LAN insinga igizwe na mudasobwa 20, naho point b ni LAN idafite umugozi ugizwe na mudasobwa 15.Ingingo b irahari Hariho router idafite umugozi.Niba ingingo ishaka kugera ku ngingo b, urashobora kongeramo AP idafite umugozi kuri point a, guhuza AP idafite umugozi kuri switch kuri point a, hanyuma ugafungura "shobuja-umugaragu uburyo" bwa simsiz AP hamwe numuyoboro udafite kuri ingingo b.Router irahujwe, kandi muriki gihe mudasobwa zose kumwanya a zishobora guhuza mudasobwa kumwanya b.
3. Itandukaniro hagati ya Wireless AP na Wireless Router
3.1 Wireless AP
Wireless AP, ni ukuvuga, uburyo bwo kugera butagikoreshwa, ni uburyo butagira umugozi muburyo butagaragara.Nibintu byinjira kubakoresha terefone igendanwa kugirango binjire murusobe.Ikoreshwa cyane murugo mugari mugari no gutangiza imiyoboro yimbere.Intera itagikoreshwa ni metero icumi kugeza kuri metero amagana, tekinoroji nyamukuru ni 802.11X.Ubusanzwe APs idafite simusiga ifite kandi uburyo bwo kugera kubakiriya uburyo, bivuze ko imiyoboro idafite umugozi ishobora gukorwa hagati ya APs, bityo ikagura ubwishingizi bwurusobe.
Kubera ko byoroshye simusiga AP ibuze imikorere ya routing, ihwanye na switch idafite umugozi kandi itanga gusa imikorere yo kohereza ibimenyetso bidafite umugozi.Ihame ryakazi ryayo ni ukwakira ibimenyetso byurusobe byanyujijwe hamwe, hanyuma nyuma yo gukora na simsiz AP, uhindura ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi mubimenyetso bya radio hanyuma ubyohereze kugirango bikore umurongo wa neti.
3.2Wireless Router
Umugozi wagutse wa AP nicyo twakunze kwita router idafite umugozi.Router idafite umugozi, nkuko izina ryayo ribivuga, ni router ifite imikorere itagikoreshwa, ikoreshwa cyane cyane kubakoresha kurubuga rwa interineti no gukwirakwiza umugozi.Ugereranije na AP yoroheje idafite umugozi, router idafite umugozi irashobora kumenya guhuza umurongo wa enterineti murugo rwumuyoboro udafite umuyoboro binyuze mumikorere ya routing, kandi irashobora no kumenya uburyo butagabanijwe bwa ADSL hamwe numuyoboro mugari.
Birakwiye ko tuvuga ko insinga zidafite insinga ninsinga zishobora guhabwa subnet binyuze muri router idafite umugozi, kugirango ibikoresho bitandukanye muri subnet bishobore guhanahana amakuru byoroshye.
3.3 Incamake
Muri make, incamake yoroshye ya AP ihwanye na enterineti idafite umugozi;router idafite umugozi (yaguye idafite umugozi AP) ihwanye n "imikorere ya simusiga AP + router".Kubireba imikoreshereze yimikoreshereze, niba urugo rumaze guhuzwa na enterineti kandi ushaka gutanga gusa umugozi, noneho guhitamo umugozi AP birahagije;ariko niba urugo rutarahuzwa na enterineti, dukeneye guhuza na enterineti ya Wireless access function, noneho ugomba guhitamo router idafite umugozi muriki gihe.
Mubyongeyeho, duhereye kubigaragara, byombi birasa muburebure, kandi ntibyoroshye kubitandukanya.Ariko, iyo urebye neza, urashobora kubona itandukaniro riri hagati yibi: ni ukuvuga, intera zabo ziratandukanye..mugihe router idafite umugozi ifite ibyambu bine byinsinga, usibye icyambu kimwe cya WAN gikoreshwa muguhuza ibikoresho byo murwego rwohejuru, kandi ibyambu bine bya LAN birashobora kuba insinga kugirango bihuze mudasobwa muri intranet, kandi hariho amatara menshi yerekana.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-19-2023