Isesengura ry'ibyiza bya WiMAX mu gukoresha IPTV

Kuva IPTV yinjiye ku isoko mu 1999, umuvuduko w’iterambere wagiye wiyongera buhoro buhoro. Biteganijwe ko abakoresha IPTV ku isi yose bazagera kuri miliyoni zirenga 26 mu 2008, kandi umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’abakoresha IPTV mu Bushinwa kuva mu 2003 kugeza 2008 uzagera kuri 245%.

Dukurikije ubushakashatsi, kilometero ya nyuma yaIPTVUburyo bwo kwinjira bukunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bwo kwinjira kuri cable ya DSL, bitewe n'uburyo bwo gupima umuvuduko n'ubudahangarwa n'ibindi bintu, IPTV mu irushanwa na televiziyo isanzwe iri mu kaga, kandi uburyo bwo kwinjira kuri cable mu buryo bwo kubaka igiciro ni kinini, uruziga ni rurerure, kandi ruragoye. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cyo kwinjira kuri IPTV mu buryo bwa nyuma ni ingenzi cyane.

WiMAX (WorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) ni ikoranabuhanga rya interineti rikoresha umuyoboro wa interineti udafite insinga rishingiye kuri gahunda za IEEE802.16, ryagiye riba ahantu hashya ho guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya interineti ridafite insinga rya metro. Rishobora gusimbura DSL isanzweho n'imiyoboro ya interineti kugira ngo ritange uburyo buhoraho bwo guhuza interineti ya interineti idakoresha insinga kuri telefoni. Bitewe n'igiciro gito cyo kubaka, imikorere yayo ya tekiniki iri hejuru kandi yizewe cyane, rizaba ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo gukemura ikibazo cya IPTV cyo kugera ku murongo wa nyuma.

2, imiterere y'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugera kuri IPTV muri iki gihe

Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa cyane mu gutanga serivisi za IPTV ririmo DSL yihuta cyane, FTTB, FTTH n'izindi koranabuhanga zo gukoresha umurongo w'itumanaho. Kubera ishoramari rike mu gukoresha sisitemu ya DSL isanzweho mu gushyigikira serivisi za IPTV, 3/4 by'abakora itumanaho muri Aziya bakoresha utubati twometseho kugira ngo bahindure ibimenyetso bya DSL mo ibimenyetso bya televiziyo kugira ngo batange serivisi za IPTV.

Ibintu by'ingenzi biri muri IPTV carrier birimo VOD na porogaramu za televiziyo. Kugira ngo harebwe ko ubwiza bwa IPTV bugereranywa n'ubw'umuyoboro wa cable uriho ubu, IPTV carrier carrier network irasabwa gutanga garanti mu bijyanye na bandwidth, gutinda guhindura channel, network QoS, nibindi, kandi ibi bice by'ikoranabuhanga rya DSL ntibishobora kuzuza ibisabwa na IPTV, kandi inkunga ya DSL kuri multicast ni nke. Routers za IPv4 protocol, ntizishyigikira multicast. Nubwo mu by'ukuri hakiri umwanya wo kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga rya DSL, hari impinduka nke mu bijyanye na bandwidth.

3, imiterere y'ikoranabuhanga rya WiMAX

WiMAX ni ikoranabuhanga rya interineti rikoresha umuyoboro wa interineti udafite insinga rishingiye ku gipimo cya IEEE802.16, ari na ryo gipimo gishya cy’ikirere gikoreshwa mu miyoboro ya mikoroonde na milimetero. Ishobora gutanga umuvuduko wo kohereza wa 75Mbit/s, uburebure bwa sitasiyo imwe bugera kuri kilometero 50. WiMAX yagenewe LAN zidafite insinga kandi kugira ngo ikemure ikibazo cy’urugendo rwa nyuma rwa interineti, ikoreshwa mu guhuza "ahantu hashyuha" kuri interineti, ariko kandi ikoreshwa mu guhuza ibidukikije by’ikigo cyangwa urugo ku murongo wa interineti, ushobora gukoreshwa nk'insinga n'umurongo wa DTH, kandi ushobora gukoreshwa nk'insinga n'umurongo wa DTH. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu guhuza ibidukikije nk'ubucuruzi cyangwa urugo ku muyoboro wa interineti, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa nk'insinga yongewe kuri interineti na DSL kugira ngo yorohereze interineti idafite insinga.

4, WiMAX ibasha gukoresha IPTV nta mugozi

(1) Ibisabwa kuri IPTV ku rubuga rwo kwinjiramo

Ikintu nyamukuru cya serivisi ya IPTV ni uburyo ikorana n’abandi kandi igakora mu buryo bufatika. Binyuze muri serivisi ya IPTV, abakoresha bashobora kwishimira serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga zigezweho (hafi ya DVD), kandi bagahitamo porogaramu za videwo mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, bigatuma habaho imikoranire ikomeye hagati y’abatanga serivisi z’itangazamakuru n’abakoresha itangazamakuru.

Kugira ngo harebwe ko ubwiza bwa IPTV bwo kureba bungana n’ubw’umuyoboro w’insinga uriho ubu, umuyoboro wa IPTV ugomba kuba ushobora gutanga garanti mu bijyanye n’umuyoboro wa interineti, igihe cyo guhindura imiyoboro, QoS y’umuyoboro, n’ibindi. Mu bijyanye n’umuyoboro wa interineti wo kwinjira ku bakoresha, ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa cyane ryo kwandika, abakoresha bakeneye nibura umuyoboro wa interineti wa 3 ~ 4Mbit / s wo kwinjira, niba videwo ifite ireme ryinshi, umuyoboro wa interineti ukenewe nawo uba uri hejuru; mu gutinda guhindura imiyoboro, kugira ngo abakoresha IPTV bahindure hagati y’imiyoboro itandukanye na televiziyo isanzwe bakora kimwe, ikwirakwizwa rya serivisi za IPTV risaba nibura ibikoresho bya digitale by’abakoresha umurongo wa digitale (DSLAM) kugira ngo bishyigikire ikoranabuhanga rya IP multicast; mu bijyanye na QoS y’umuyoboro, kugira ngo hirindwe gutakaza paki, jitter n’izindi ngaruka ku bwiza bwo kureba IPTV.

(2) Kugereranya uburyo bwo kwinjira muri WiMAX n'uburyo bwo kwinjira muri DSL, Wi-Fi na FTTx

DSL, bitewe n’imbogamizi zayo za tekiniki, haracyari ibibazo byinshi bijyanye n’intera, igipimo n’umuvuduko wo gusohoka. Ugereranyije na DSL, WiMAX ishobora gukwirakwiza ahantu hanini, igatanga igipimo cyihuse cy’amakuru, ikagira ubushobozi bwo kwaguka cyane ndetse ikagira garanti yo hejuru ya QoS.

Ugereranyije na Wi-Fi, WiMAX ifite ibyiza bya tekiniki byo gukwirakwiza amakuru mu buryo bwagutse, guhuza umugozi mugari, gukwirakwiza amakuru neza, umutekano n'ibindi. Wi-Fi ishingiye ku gipimo cya Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugera kuri interineti/internet mu nzu, mu biro, cyangwa ahantu hakunze gukwirakwira; WiMAX ishingiye ku gipimo cya Wireless WiMAX ishingiye ku gipimo cya Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN), gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutanga serivisi yo kugera kuri interineti yihuta cyane hifashishijwe telefoni zigendanwa zihoraho kandi zihuta cyane.

FTTB+LAN, nk'uburyo bwo kugera kuri interineti yihuta cyane, ikoraIPTVserivisi nta kibazo kinini ifite mu buryo bwa tekiniki, ariko igengwa n'ikibazo cy'insinga zihujwe mu nyubako, ikiguzi cyo kuyishyiraho n'intera yo kohereza amakuru iterwa n'insinga zigonganye. Imiterere myiza ya WiMAX yo kohereza amakuru idakoresha umurongo ugaragara, uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyikoresha no kuyishyiraho, ubwiza bwa QoS bwiza hamwe n'umutekano ukomeye byose bituma iba uburyo bwiza bwo kuyikoresha kuri IPTV.

(3) Ibyiza bya WiMAX mu kugera kuri IPTV idakoresha insinga

Mu kugereranya WiMAX na DSL, Wi-Fi na FTTx, bigaragara ko WiMAX ari yo mahitamo meza mu kugera kuri IPTV. Guhera muri Gicurasi 2006, umubare w'abanyamuryango ba WiMAX Forum wiyongereye ugera kuri 356, kandi abakora barenga 120 hirya no hino ku isi binjiye muri uyu muryango. WiMAX izaba ari yo koranabuhanga ryiza ryo gukemura ikibazo cya nyuma cya IPTV. WiMAX izaba kandi inzira nziza kuruta DSL na Wi-Fi.

(4) Kubona uburyo bwo gukoresha IPTV kuri WiMAX

IEEE802.16-2004 isanzwe ireba cyane cyane imiyoboro ihoraho, intera ntarengwa yo kohereza ubutumwa ni 7 ~ 10km, kandi umugozi wayo w'itumanaho uri munsi ya 11GHz, ikoresha uburyo bwo guhitamo umuyoboro, kandi umugozi wa buri muyoboro uri hagati ya 1.25 ~ 20MHz. Iyo umugozi ari 20 MHz, umuvuduko ntarengwa wa IEEE 802.16a ushobora kugera kuri 75 Mbit / s, muri rusange 40 Mbit / s; iyo umugozi ari 10 MHz, ushobora gutanga umuvuduko mpuzandengo wa 20 Mbit / s.

Imiyoboro ya WiMAX ishyigikira imiterere y'ubucuruzi ifite amabara menshi. Serivisi z'amakuru zifite ibiciro bitandukanye ni zo ntego nyamukuru y'umuyoboro. WiMAX ishyigikira urwego rwa QoS rutandukanye, bityo uburyo umuyoboro ukoreshwamo bufitanye isano rya hafi n'ubwoko bwa serivisi. Ku bijyanye no kugera kuri IPTV. kuko IPTV isaba ubwishingizi bwa QoS bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru n'uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru bwihuta. bityo umuyoboro wa WiMAX ushyirwaho neza hakurikijwe umubare w'abakoresha bo muri ako gace n'ibyo bakeneye. Iyo abakoresha binjira kuri umuyoboro wa IPTV. Nta mpamvu yo kongera gukoresha insinga, hakenewe gusa kongeramo ibikoresho bya WiMAX byo kwakira na IP set-top box, kugira ngo abakoresha bashobore gukoresha serivisi ya IPTV mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwihuse.

Kuri ubu, IPTV ni ubucuruzi burimo gutera imbere bufite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo ku isoko, kandi iterambere ryayo riracyari mu ntangiriro. Intego y'iterambere ryayo ry'ejo hazaza ni uguhuza serivisi za IPTV na terminals, maze televiziyo ikaba terminal yuzuye y'ikoranabuhanga ifite imikorere y'itumanaho na interineti. Ariko IPTV kugira ngo igere ku iterambere nyaryo, atari ugukemura ikibazo cy'ibirimo gusa, ahubwo no gukemura ikibazo cy'ibikubiye muri kilometero ya nyuma.