Kuva IPTV yinjira ku isoko mu 1999, umuvuduko wo kwiyongera wihuse. Biteganijwe ko mu mwaka wa 2008 abakoresha IPTV ku isi bazagera kuri miliyoni zirenga 26, naho umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere buri mwaka w’abakoresha IPTV mu Bushinwa kuva 2003 kugeza 2008 uzagera kuri 245%.
Ukurikije ubushakashatsi, kilometero yanyuma yaIPTVkwinjira bikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwa DSL bwo kubona uburyo, numuyoboro mugari no gutuza nibindi bintu, IPTV mumarushanwa hamwe na TV isanzwe iri mubibazo, kandi uburyo bwo kubona insinga zo kubaka ikiguzi ni kinini, cycle ni ndende, kandi biragoye. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cya kilometero yanyuma yo kugera kuri IPTV ni ngombwa cyane.
WiMAX (WorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) ni tekinoroji yagutse ya enterineti idashingiye kuri seriveri ya IEEE802.16 ya protocole, yagiye ihinduka buhoro buhoro iterambere rishya rya tekinoroji ya metero nini ya tekinoroji. Irashobora gusimbuza DSL ihari hamwe nu nsinga kugirango itange uburyo buhamye, bugendanwa bwumurongo mugari. Bitewe nigiciro gito cyubwubatsi, imikorere yubuhanga buhanitse kandi yizewe cyane, bizaba ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo gukemura ikibazo cya kilometero yanyuma ya IPTV.
2, ibihe byubu bya tekinoroji ya IPTV
Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutanga serivisi za IPTV harimo DSL yihuta cyane, FTTB, FTTH nubundi buryo bwo gukoresha umurongo wa wireline. Kubera ishoramari rito mu gukoresha sisitemu ya DSL isanzwe kugirango ishyigikire serivisi za IPTV, 3/4 by'abakora itumanaho muri Aziya bakoresha agasanduku kashyizweho kugirango bahindure ibimenyetso bya DSL mubimenyetso bya TV kugirango batange serivisi za IPTV.
Ibyingenzi byingenzi mubatwara IPTV harimo VOD na gahunda za TV. Kugirango harebwe niba ubwiza bwo kureba bwa IPTV bugereranywa nu muyoboro wa none, umuyoboro wa IPTV urasabwa gutanga ingwate mu muyoboro mugari, gutinda guhinduranya umuyoboro, umuyoboro QoS, n'ibindi, kandi izi ngingo z’ikoranabuhanga rya DSL ntizishobora. kuzuza ibisabwa na IPTV, kandi inkunga ya DSL kuri multicast irahari. IPv4 protocole ya porotokoro, ntugashyigikire multicast. Nubwo mubyukuri haracyari umwanya wo kuzamura tekinoroji ya DSL, hariho impinduka zujuje ubuziranenge mumurongo mugari.
3, ibiranga tekinoroji ya WiMAX
WiMAX ni umuyoboro mugari wa tekinoroji ya enterineti ishingiye ku gipimo cya IEEE802.16, ikaba ari uburyo bushya bwo mu kirere busabwa kuri microwave na milimetero ya bande. Irashobora gutanga igipimo cya 75Mbit / s cyohereza, sitasiyo imwe ya sitasiyo igera kuri 50km. WiMAX yagenewe LAN idafite umugozi no gukemura ikibazo cya kilometero yanyuma yo kubona umurongo mugari, ikoreshwa muguhuza Wi-Fi “hotspots” kuri enterineti, ariko kandi no guhuza ibidukikije byikigo cyangwa urugo kumurongo wumugozi wumugozi , irashobora gukoreshwa nkumugozi numurongo wa DTH, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nkumugozi numurongo wa DTH. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhuza ibidukikije nkubucuruzi cyangwa urugo kumurongo wumugozi, kandi birashobora gukoreshwa nkumugozi utagikoreshwa kuri kabili na DSL kugirango ubashe kubona umurongo mugari.
4 、 WiMAX menya uburyo bwa IPTV butagikoreshwa
(1) Ibisabwa bya IPTV kumurongo winjira
Ikintu nyamukuru kiranga serivisi ya IPTV nigikorwa cyayo nigihe-nyacyo. Binyuze muri serivisi ya IPTV, abayikoresha barashobora kwishimira serivisi nziza zamakuru (hafi yurwego rwa DVD), kandi barashobora guhitamo porogaramu za videwo kuva kumurongo mugari wa IP, bakamenya imikoranire ikomeye hagati yabatanga itangazamakuru n’abakoresha itangazamakuru.
Kugirango hamenyekane neza ko ireme rya IPTV ryagereranywa n’umuyoboro wa none uriho, umuyoboro wa IPTV urasabwa kuba ushobora gutanga ingwate mu bijyanye n'umuyoboro mugari, umuyoboro uhinduranya umuyoboro, umuyoboro QoS, n'ibindi. Kubireba abakoresha umurongo mugari, gukoresha ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ikoreshwa cyane, abakoresha bakeneye byibuze 3 ~ 4Mbit / s kumanura umurongo wa enterineti, niba ihererekanyabubasha rya videwo yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, umurongo ukenewe nawo uri hejuru; muburyo bwo guhinduranya gutinda, kugirango tumenye neza ko abakoresha IPTV bahinduranya imiyoboro itandukanye na TV isanzwe ihindura imikorere imwe, kohereza serivisi za IPTV bisaba byibuze umurongo wa Subscriber umurongo winjira mubikoresho byinshi (DSLAM) kugirango ushyigikire ikoranabuhanga rya IP; mubijyanye numuyoboro QoS, kugirango wirinde gutakaza paki, jitter nizindi ngaruka kumiterere yo kureba IPTV.
(2) Kugereranya uburyo bwa WiMAX bwo kwinjira hamwe na DSL, Wi-Fi na FTTx uburyo bwo kwinjira
DSL, kubera imbogamizi zayo bwite, haracyari ibibazo byinshi mubijyanye nintera, igipimo nigipimo gisohoka. Ugereranije na DSL, WiMAX irashobora gukwirakwiza ahantu hanini, gutanga igipimo cyihuse cyamakuru, kugira ubunini bunini hamwe nubwishingizi bwa QoS.
Ugereranije na Wi-Fi, WiMAX ifite ibyiza bya tekinike yo gukwirakwiza kwagutse, guhuza imiyoboro yagutse, kwaguka gukomeye, QoS yo hejuru ndetse n'umutekano, n'ibindi. Wi-Fi ishingiye ku gipimo cya Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane kuri Ikwirakwizwa rya interineti / Intranet igera mu nzu, mu biro, cyangwa ahantu hashyushye; WiMAX ishingiye kuri Wireless WiMAX ishingiye ku muyoboro w’akarere ka WMAN utagira umugozi (WMAN), ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri serivisi yihuta yo kubona amakuru munsi ya mobile igendanwa kandi yihuta.
FTTB + LAN, nkuburyo bwihuse bwo kwagura umurongo mugari, irakoraIPTVserivisi idafite ikibazo kinini mubuhanga, ariko igarukira kukibazo cyo guhuza insinga mu nyubako, igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho hamwe nintera yoherejwe biterwa na kabili ya kabili. Ibyiza bya WiMAX bitari umurongo-wo-kureba-byoherejwe, uburyo bworoshye bwo kohereza no kugereranya ibipimo, QoS nziza ya serivise nziza n'umutekano ukomeye byose bituma iba uburyo bwiza bwo kugera kuri IPTV.
(3) Ibyiza bya WiMAX mugutahura mudasobwa kuri IPTV
Mugereranije WiMAX na DSL, Wi-Fi na FTTx, urashobora kubona ko WiMAX aribwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenya IPTV. Kugeza muri Gicurasi 2006, umubare w'abanyamuryango ba Forumu ya WiMAX wiyongereye ugera kuri 356, kandi abashoramari barenga 120 ku isi binjiye muri uyu muryango. WiMAX izaba tekinoroji nziza yo gukemura ibirometero byanyuma bya IPTV. WiMAX nayo izaba inzira nziza kuri DSL na Wi-Fi.
(4) WiMAX Kumenyekanisha IPTV
IEEE802.16-2004 isanzwe iganisha cyane cyane kuri terefone zihamye, intera ntarengwa yohereza ni 7 ~ 10km, kandi umurongo wacyo wo gutumanaho uri munsi ya 11GHz, ukoresheje uburyo bwumuyoboro utabishaka, kandi umurongo wa buri muyoboro uri hagati ya 1.25 ~ 20MHz. Iyo umurongo wa 20 MHz, igipimo ntarengwa cya IEEE 802.16a gishobora kugera kuri 75 Mbit / s, muri rusange 40 Mbit / s; mugihe umurongo wa 10 MHz, urashobora gutanga impuzandengo yikwirakwizwa rya 20 Mbit / s.
Imiyoboro ya WiMAX ishyigikira imishinga yubucuruzi ifite amabara. Serivise yamakuru yibiciro bitandukanye niyo ntego nyamukuru y'urusobe.WiMAX ishyigikira urwego rwa QoS zitandukanye, bityo gukwirakwiza urusobe bifitanye isano rya hafi n'ubwoko bwa serivisi. Kubijyanye no kubona IPTV. kuberako IPTV isaba urwego rwohejuru QoS ibyiringiro nigipimo cyihuta cyo kohereza amakuru. umuyoboro wa WiMAX rero washyizweho muburyo bukurikije umubare wabakoresha mukarere nicyo bakeneye. Iyo abakoresha binjiye kumurongo wa IPTV. Ntibikenewe ko wongera gukora insinga, gusa ukeneye kongeramo ibikoresho byakira WiMAX hamwe nagasanduku ka IP, kugirango abakoresha bashobora gukoresha serivisi ya IPTV byoroshye kandi byihuse.
Kugeza ubu, IPTV ni ubucuruzi bugenda bugaragara kandi bufite isoko ryinshi, kandi iterambere ryarwo riracyari mu ntangiriro. Icyerekezo cyiterambere ryigihe kizaza ni uguhuza serivisi za IPTV hamwe na terefone, kandi TV izahinduka inzu yuzuye ya digitale hamwe nimikorere ya interineti. Ariko IPTV kugirango igere ku ntera mubyukuri, ntabwo ari ugukemura ikibazo cyibirimo gusa, ahubwo no gukemura icyuho cya kilometero iheruka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-05-2024