Wigeze wijujutira ubwawe, "Uyu ni umuyoboro uteye ubwoba," mugihe umurongo wawe wa interineti utinda? Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga kuri Passive Optical Network (PON). Ntabwo ari umuyoboro "mubi" utekereza, ahubwo ni umuryango wintwari wumuryango wurusobe: PON.
1. PON, "Intwari" ya Network Isi
PONbivuga umuyoboro wa fibre optique ukoresha ingingo-kuri-kugwiza topologiya hamwe na optique itandukanya kugirango wohereze amakuru kuva kumurongo umwe wohereza kumurongo wanyuma wabakoresha. Igizwe n'umurongo wa optique (OLT), umuyoboro wa optique (ONU), hamwe numuyoboro wo gukwirakwiza optique (ODN). PON ikoresha umuyoboro wuzuye wa optique kandi ni P2MP (Point to Multiple Point) sisitemu yo kubona optique. Itanga ibyiza nko kubungabunga fibre fibre, idasaba imbaraga za ODN, korohereza abakoresha, no gushyigikira serivisi nyinshi. Numuyoboro mugari wa fibre optique ya tekinoroji igezweho itezwa imbere nabakoresha.
PON ni nka "Ikimonyo-Muntu" cyo kwisi: guhuza ariko bifite imbaraga zidasanzwe. Ikoresha fibre optique nkibikoresho byohereza kandi ikwirakwiza ibimenyetso bya optique kuva mubiro bikuru kugeza kumpera nyinshi zabakoresha binyuze mubikoresho byoroshye, bigafasha serivisi zihuta, zikora neza, kandi zihenze cyane.
Tekereza niba urusobe rwisi rufite intwari, PON rwose yaba Superman udashyigikiwe. Ntabwo isaba imbaraga kandi irashobora "kuguruka" kwisi ya interineti, izana uburambe bwa interineti bwihuse kumiryango ibihumbi.
2. Ibyiza bya PON
Imwe mu "mbaraga zikomeye" za PON ni itumanaho ryihuta. Ugereranije numuyoboro gakondo wumuringa-wire, PON ikoresha fibre optique, bikavamo umuvuduko mwinshi wohereza.
Tekereza gukuramo firime murugo, kandi ihita igaragara kubikoresho byawe nkubumaji. Byongeye kandi, fibre optique irwanya inkuba no kuvanga amashanyarazi, kandi ituze ryayo ntagereranywa.
3. GPON & EPON
Babiri bazwi cyane mumuryango wa tekinoroji ya PON ni GPON na EPON.
GPON: Imbaraga z'umuryango PON
GPON, uhagaze kuri Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network, nimbaraga zumuryango wa PON. Hamwe n'umuvuduko ukabije wa Gbps 2,5 na uplink yihuta ya 1.25 Gbps, itanga amakuru yihuta, yimbaraga nyinshi, amajwi, na videwo kumazu no mubucuruzi. Tekereza gukuramo firime murugo. GPON igushoboza kubona ibikururwa ako kanya.Ikindi kandi, ibiranga asimmetrike ya GPON birahuza cyane nisoko rya serivise yagutse.
EPON: Inyenyeri yihuta yumuryango wa PON
EPON, ngufi kuri Ethernet Passive Optical Network, ninyenyeri yihuta yumuryango wa PON. Hamwe na 1.25 Gbps ihuza kandi yihuta, ifasha neza abakoresha bafite amakuru manini yo kohereza. Imiterere ya EPON ituma ihitamo neza kubucuruzi no gukora ibintu hamwe nibisabwa binini byo kohereza.
GPON na EPON byombi ni tekinoroji ya PON, itandukanye cyane cyane mubisobanuro bya tekiniki, igipimo cyo kohereza, imiterere yikadiri, nuburyo bukoreshwa. GPON na EPON buriwese afite ibyiza bye, kandi guhitamo biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bisabwa, ingengo yimari, hamwe no gutegura imiyoboro.
Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, itandukaniro riri hagati yombi riragabanuka. Ikoranabuhanga rishya, nka XG-PON (10-Gigabit-Ishobora Passive Optical Network) naXGS-PON(10-Gigabit-Ishoboye Symmetric Passive Optical Network), itanga umuvuduko mwinshi kandi imikorere inoze.
Porogaramu ya tekinoroji ya PON
Ikoranabuhanga rya PON rifite porogaramu zitandukanye:
Umuyoboro mugari murugo: Itanga serivise yihuta kubakoresha murugo, ushyigikira amashusho asobanutse neza, gukina kumurongo, nibindi byinshi.
Imiyoboro ya entreprise: Tanga ubucuruzi hamwe numuyoboro uhamye, ushyigikira amakuru manini yohereza amakuru hamwe na serivise zo kubara.
PON ni umunyabwenge "umunyabwenge wubwenge." Kuberako ari pasiporo, ibiciro byo kubungabunga byagabanutse cyane. Abakoresha ntibagikeneye gushiraho no kubungabunga ibikoresho byamashanyarazi kuri buri mukoresha, bizigama amafaranga atari make. Byongeye kandi, kuzamura imiyoboro ya PON biroroshye cyane. Nta bucukuzi busabwa; kuzamura ibikoresho gusa kuri node yo hagati bizagarura urusobe rwose.
Imijyi yubwenge: Mu kubaka umujyi wubwenge, tekinoroji ya PON irashobora guhuza ibyuma bitandukanye nibikoresho bikurikirana, bigafasha gutwara ubwenge, kumurika ubwenge, nibindi buhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-14-2025