Ni gute wasuzuma imikorere n'uburyo insinga za PROFINET zizewe?

1. Impamvu gupima PROFINET Cables ari ingenzi

PROFINET ni uburyo bwa Ethernet bw’inganda bukoreshwa cyane butuma habaho itumanaho ryihuse hagati y’ibikoresho mu nganda. Uko ibigo bikomeje kwishingikiriza kuri iri koranabuhanga mu kunoza imikoranire no koroshya imikorere, akamaro ko kugenzura ubwiza n’imikorere y’insinga za PROFINET ntikagombye kurenza urugero. Kugerageza izi nsinga si uburyo bwo kwirinda gusa—ni intambwe ikomeye mu kurinda ibikorwa remezo byose by’umuyoboro.

Gupima insinga za PROFINET bitanga inyungu enye zikomeye:

1. Kohereza amakuru mu buryo buhorahomu gukumira ibura ry'amapaki no kunanirwa k'itumanaho.

2. Kwizerwa kwa interineti, kugabanya igihe cyo kuruhuka gitunguranye.

3. Iyubahirizwa ry'amahame, byemeza kubahiriza ibisabwa na IEC 61158 na PROFINET.

4. Kuzigama ikiguzimu kumenya amakosa mbere yuko ahinduka amakosa ya sisitemu.

2. Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere yo gupima

Mu gihe cyo gupima insinga za PROFINET, ibintu bikurikira bigomba gusuzumwa:

• Ubuziranenge bw'ibimenyetso– bitanga uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru mu buryo busukuye kandi budafite ihindagurika.

• Guhuza impedance– Ubusanzwe PROFINET ikenera insinga za 100Ω Cat5e/Cat6.

• Crosstalk (NEXT na FEXT)– bikumira impanuka hagati y’imiyoboro y’insinga.

• Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kugabanya- ipima igihombo cy'ikimenyetso ugereranyije n'uburebure bw'insinga.

• Igihombo cyo kugaruza– isuzuma ibitekerezo byatewe no guhagarika imirimo nabi.

• Ingufu zo kurinda- ni ngombwa cyane mu nganda zikora urusaku.

• Kwangirika k'umubiri- gukata, kugonga, cyangwa gucika intege bishobora kwangiza imikorere.

Urugero rw'insinga:
Insinga ya PROFINET yo mu bwoko bwa B/C y'inganda ya Cat5e Ethernet, ifite ikarita ya D ya M12 ifite imiterere ya IP67, SF/UTP ifite ibyuma bibiri bya 22AWG bifite uburinzi bubiri, ifite imiterere yo hanze y'inganda, ifite imiterere ya PLTC, ikoti ry'icyatsi kibisi rya TPE.

3. Uburyo bwo gupima Insinga za PROFINET

1) Igenzura ry'amaso

Gusuzuma neza amaso ni intambwe ya mbere mu gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw'insinga. Reba ibimenyetso byose by'uko insinga zangiritse, zangiritse, cyangwa za pin zigonze. Suzuma uburebure bw'insinga kugira ngo urebe niba hari stress ifatika, zigonze cyane, cyangwa niba hari uburinzi bugaragara. Muri rusange, komeza urebe ko insinga zigonze zingana n'inshuro umunani z'umurambararo kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw'imbere mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi.

2) Isuzuma ry'imikorere

Isuzuma ry’imikorere rituma ibyuma byose umunani bihuzwa neza kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera. Ibi bigaragaza imiyoboro ifunguye, imigozi migufi, cyangwa insinga zishobora guhungabanya itumanaho. Igikoresho cyoroshye cyo gupima insinga cyangwa multimeter gishobora kugenzura uburyo ibintu bikomeza mu gihe cyo gushyiraho cyangwa kubungabunga.

3) Isuzuma rya Wiremap

Isuzuma rya Wiremap rigenzura uburyo bwo gushyiraho pin neza hakurikijwe amahame ya TIA-568A cyangwa TIA-568B. Rigaragaza ibice bibiri bishobora kutagaragara mu isuzuma ry’ibanze ry’uburyo ibyuma bikomeza gukora ariko bishobora kwangiza cyane ubwiza bw’amajwi. Kwemeza imiterere y’insinga bifasha gukomeza imikorere ihamye no kubahiriza amahame.

4) Isuzuma ry'ubuziranenge bw'ibimenyetso

Isuzuma ry’ubuziranenge bw’ibimenyetso risuzuma ubushobozi bw’insinga yo kohereza amakuru nta kwangirika hakoreshejwe gupima uburyo bwo kugabanya amakuru, kuvugana, no kubangamira. Ibikoresho nka Fluke Networks DSX CableAnalyzer bikunze gukoreshwa mu kwemeza ko insinga zujuje ibisabwa na Ethernet na PROFINET.

5) Kugenzura uburinzi n'ubutaka

Iri suzuma ryemeza ko kurinda bikomeza mu nsinga no mu miyoboro, kandi rigagaragaza ibibazo byo hasi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwangirika kw'amashanyarazi. Gukingira no gukingira neza ni ingenzi mu nganda zikora urusaku.

6) Isuzuma ry'igipimo cy'amakosa ya Bit (BERT)

BERT ipima amakosa nyayo yo kohereza amakuru ari munsi y’umutwaro. Mu gusuzuma igipimo cy’amakosa ya biti mu gihe cy’imikorere, iki kizamini gitanga isuzuma nyaryo ry’imikorere y’insinga mu mikoreshereze nyayo—ni ingenzi ku miyoboro isaba kwizerwa cyane no kudatinda cyane.

7) Gupima stress ku bidukikije

Gupima ibidukikije bishyira insinga mu bushyuhe bukabije, guhindagura, ubushuhe, n'ibindi bihe bikomeye kugira ngo harebwe ko ziramba mu nganda cyangwa hanze. Insinga za PROFINET zo hanze zikunze gukoresha amakoti ya PUR cyangwa PE kugira ngo zirwanye imirasire ya UV n'imiti.

Urugero rw'insinga:
Insinga ya PROFINET yo mu bwoko bwa B/C y'inganda ya Cat5e Ethernet, ifite ikarita ya D ya M12 ifite imiterere ya IP67, SF/UTP ifite ibyuma bibiri bya 22AWG bifite uburinzi bubiri, ifite imiterere yo hanze yoroshye cyane, ifite imiterere ya PLTC, ikoti ry'icyatsi kibisi rya TPE.

4. Ibikoresho byo gupima byasabwe

Urwego rutandukanye rw'ibikoresho byo gupima rutuma insinga za PROFINET zikora neza kandi zikubahirizwa:

• Abapima b'ibanze– Kugira ngo habeho igenzura ryihuse ry’uburyo ibintu bikomeza gukora no gukoresha ikarita y’itumanaho.

• Abapima impamyabushobozi zihanitse (urugero, Fluke, Softing)– Emeza ko iyubahirizwa ryuzuye ry’amahame ya PROFINET na Ethernet upima uburyo bwo kugabanya umuvuduko w’itumanaho, uburyo bwo kuvugana n’abandi, uburyo bwo kugabanya umuvuduko w’itumanaho, n’ibindi.

• Abasesenguzi b'imiyoboro- Gusuzuma imikorere y'umuyoboro mu gihe nyacyo, gukurikirana ireme ry'itumanaho, no kumenya ibibazo by'imikorere.

5. Inama zo gupima neza

• Buri gihe gerageza mbere yo kuyishyiraho kugira ngo wirinde igihe gitwara amafaranga menshi cyo kuyihagarika no kuyivugurura.

• Shyira amazina ku nsinga zose zageragejwe na raporo z'impamyabumenyi y'ububiko kugira ngo urebe niba zikurikiranwa neza mu gihe cy'igenzura cyangwa isuku.

• Koresha imiyoboro irinzwe ahantu hafite amashanyarazi menshi kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubusugire bw'ikimenyetso.

• Simbuza insinga iyo ari yo yose igihombo cy'amajwi kirenze urugero rw'imipaka isanzwe (urugero, >3 dB) kugira ngo urebe ko umuyoboro w'itumanaho uhoraho.

6. Amakosa asanzwe yo gupima agomba kwirindwa

Amakosa akunze kubangamira uburyo isuzuma rikorwa neza arimo:

• Gusimbuka kugenzura uburinzi mu bidukikije bifite ikirere cyinshi.

• Kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho byemewe na PROFINET bipima amanota y’abaguzi.

• Kwirengagiza amabwiriza agenga ishyirwaho ry'inganda.

• Kunanirwa gupima insinga ziri munsi y'umutwaro nyawo, bikarinda ko haboneka ibibazo by'imikorere bibaho gusa mu gihe cy'ikoreshwa.

7. Ibyifuzo byo kwizerwa mu gihe kirekire

• Koresha insinga za Cat6 cyangwa PROFINET zifite amanota menshi mu gushyiraho izindi nsinga nshya.

• Shyiraho gahunda yo kubungabunga insinga buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane ko zangiritse hakiri kare.

• Hitamo insinga za LSZH cyangwa PUR-jacketed kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo bugoye cyangwa busaba imbaraga nyinshi.

• Bika kandi ufate insinga neza, wirinde kunama cyane cyangwa gukaza umurego mu buryo bwa mekanike kugira ngo wirinde uduce duto twangiza imikorere y'amashanyarazi uko igihe kigenda gihita.

8. Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku Bijyanye no Gupima Insinga za PROFINET

Q1: Insinga za PROFINET zigomba kugeragezwa kangahe?
A: Isuzuma mu gihe cyo gushyiraho no buri mezi 12-18 nk'igice cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Ikibazo cya 2: Ese ibizamini bisanzwe bya Ethernet bishobora gukoreshwa kuri insinga za PROFINET?
A: Bashobora gukora ibizamini by'ibanze, ariko abapima bemejwe na PROFINET barasabwa kugira ngo bibe byizerwa.

Q3: Ni uburebure bungana iki bw'insinga zishyigikiwe na PROFINET?
A: metero 100 kuri buri gice cy'insinga z'umuringa; fibre-optic PROFINET ishobora kwaguka kure cyane.

Q4: Nakwemeza nte ko kurinda birinda imikorere?
A: Mu gukora ibizamini byo gukomeza kurinda no gupima ubutaka.

Ikibazo cya 5: Ese gupima insinga za PROFINET zo hanze bitandukanye?
A: Yego. Uretse ibizamini by'amashanyarazi, hari kandi isuzuma ry'uko imirasire ya UV idashobora kugwa, ubushyuhe burambye, ndetse n'uburyo bwo kurinda ubushuhe.