Ibisobanuro birambuye Kubura Absorption Kubikoresho bya Optical Fiber Materials

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora fibre optique birashobora gukuramo ingufu zumucyo. Nyuma yuko ibice biri mubikoresho bya fibre optique bikurura ingufu zumucyo, bitanga kunyeganyega nubushyuhe, kandi bigatanga ingufu, bikaviramo gutakaza.Iyi ngingo izasesengura igihombo cyo kwinjiza ibikoresho bya fibre optique.

Twese tuzi ko ibintu bigizwe na atome na molekile, naho atome zigizwe na nuclei ya atome na electronique zidasanzwe, zizunguruka nucleus ya atome muri orbit runaka. Ibi ni nkisi dutuye, kimwe numubumbe nka Venusi na Mars, byose bizenguruka izuba. Buri electron ifite ingufu zingana kandi iri murwego runaka, cyangwa mumagambo yandi, buri orbit ifite urwego runaka rwingufu.

Urwego rwa orbital urwego rwegereye nucleus ya atome ruri hasi, mugihe ingufu za orbital ziri kure ya nucleus ya atome ziri hejuru.Ubunini bwurwego rwingufu zitandukanya orbits rwitwa itandukaniro ryingufu. Iyo electrone ihindutse ikava murwego ruke rwingufu ikagera kurwego rwo hejuru rwingufu, bakeneye gukuramo ingufu kurwego rutandukanye rwingufu.

Muri fibre optique, iyo electron kurwego runaka rwingufu zishushe hamwe numucyo wuburebure bwumuraba uhuye nurwego rwingufu zingufu, electron ziherereye kuri orbital zifite ingufu nke zizajya zerekeza mubitambambuga bifite ingufu nyinshi.Iyi electron ikurura ingufu zumucyo, bikaviramo gutakaza urumuri.

Ibikoresho by'ibanze byo gukora fibre optique, dioxyde de silicon (SiO2), ubwayo ikurura urumuri, kimwe bita ultraviolet absorption ikindi cyitwa infrared absorption. Kugeza ubu, itumanaho rya fibre optique muri rusange rikora gusa muburebure bwa 0.8-1,6 μ m, bityo tuzaganira gusa kubihombo muri kariya gace gakoreramo.

Impinga yo kwinjiza iterwa ninzibacyuho ya elegitoronike mu kirahure cya quartz ni 0.1-0.2 μ m z'uburebure mu karere ka ultraviolet. Mugihe uburebure bwumurongo bwiyongera, iyinjizwa ryayo rigabanuka buhoro buhoro, ariko agace kayibasiwe ni kagari, kagera ku burebure buri hejuru ya 1 m. Nyamara, kwinjiza UV nta ngaruka nini kuri fibre optique ikorera mukarere ka infragre. Kurugero, mukarere kagaragara k'umucyo ku burebure bwa 0,6 μ m, kwinjiza ultraviolet birashobora kugera kuri 1dB / km, bikagabanuka kugera kuri 0.2-0.3dB / km ku burebure bwa 0.8 μ m, naho nka 0.1dB / km gusa ku burebure bwa 1,2 μ m.

Gutakaza infragre ya fibre ya quartz iterwa no guhindagurika kwa molekile yibintu mukarere ka infragre. Hano hari impinga nyinshi zo kwinyeganyeza mumirongo yumurongo uri hejuru ya 2 m. Bitewe ningaruka yibintu bitandukanye bya doping muri fibre optique, ntibishoboka ko fibre ya quartz igira idirishya rito ryo gutakaza mumirongo yumurongo uri hejuru ya 2 μ m. Gutakaza imipaka ntarengwa ku burebure bwa 1,85 μ m ni ldB / km.Binyuze mu bushakashatsi, byagaragaye kandi ko hari \ "molekules zangiza \" zitera ibibazo mu kirahure cya quartz, cyane cyane umwanda w’ibyuma byangiza nkumuringa, icyuma, chromium, manganese, nibindi. Kurandura \ 'abateza ibibazo \' no gutunganya imiti ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora fibre optique birashobora kugabanya cyane igihombo.

Iyindi soko yo kwinjiza muri quartz optique fibre ni hydroxide (OH -) icyiciro. Byagaragaye ko hydroxide ifite impinga eshatu zo kwinjiza mu gice gikora cya fibre, ari 0,95 μ m, 1,24 μ m, na 1,38 μ m. Muri byo, igihombo cyo kwinjiza ku burebure bwa 1,38 μ m nicyo gikomeye cyane kandi gifite ingaruka zikomeye kuri fibre. Ku burebure bwa 1,38 μ m, igihombo cyo kwinjiza cyatewe na hydroxide ion gifite 0.0001 gusa ni hejuru ya 33dB / km.

Izi ion za hydroxide zituruka he? Hariho amasoko menshi ya hydroxide ion. Ubwa mbere, ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora fibre optique birimo ubuhehere hamwe na hydroxide ivanze, bigoye kuyikuramo mugihe cyo kweza ibikoresho bibisi hanyuma amaherezo bikaguma muburyo bwa hydroxide ion muri fibre optique; Icya kabiri, hydrogène hamwe na ogisijeni ikoreshwa mugukora fibre optique irimo amazi make; Icya gatatu, amazi atangwa mugihe cyo gukora fibre optique bitewe nubushakashatsi bwimiti; Icya kane nuko kwinjiza umwuka wo hanze bizana imyuka y'amazi. Nyamara, inzira yo gukora ubu yateye imbere kurwego rutari ruto, kandi ibirimo hydroxide ion byagabanutse kugera kurwego rwo hasi bihagije kuburyo ingaruka zabyo kuri fibre optique zishobora kwirengagizwa.